Implied volatility is a measure of the expected fluctuations in a security’s price. It is used by options traders to gauge the market’s expectations for the future volatility of the underlying security. A higher implied volatility means that the market is expecting a greater price movement, while a lower implied …

Inflation is often thought of as a rise in the prices of goods and services. While this is true, inflation is actually an increase in the money supply. When there is more money chasing after goods and services, prices will naturally rise. This puts investors in a difficult position because …

Max pain theory is a theory that suggests that the stock price movements are influenced by the options’ expiration. The max pain theory posits that the underlying asset of an option will move in such a way that it causes the most pain to the largest number of option holders. …

The VIX index is a measure of the stock market’s expectation of volatility over the next 30 days. The VIX futures are derivative contracts that allow traders to bet on the future direction of the VIX index.  The VIX index is calculated using the prices of SP500 options. The VIX …

Alternative data is becoming increasingly popular in the financial world. While some traditional data sources such as earnings and economic indicators are still relied upon heavily, alternative data is providing new insights that can help investors make better-informed decisions. There are a variety of sources for alternative data, including social …

Cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual asset that uses cryptography to secure its transactions. Cryptocurrencies are decentralized, meaning they are not subject to government or financial institution control. Bitcoin, the first and most well-known cryptocurrency, was created in 2009. Cryptocurrencies are often traded on decentralized exchanges and can also be …

The Turtle trading system is a system where a group of traders follow specific rules to buy and sell commodities. The rules are based on the observations of Richard Dennis, who believed that anyone could be taught to trade successfully if they followed a set of simple rules. The Turtles …

In-sample overfitting is a serious problem when designing trading strategies. This is because a strategy that worked well in the past may not work in the future. In other words, the strategy may be too specific to the conditions that existed in the past and may not be able to …

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency, without a central bank or single administrator, that can be sent from user to user on the peer-to-peer bitcoin network without the need for intermediaries. Transactions are verified by network nodes through cryptography and recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain. Bitcoin …

Pairs trading is a market-neutral trading strategy that seeks to profit from the relative movements of two correlated assets. The key to pairs trading is finding two assets that are highly correlated. This can be done by looking at historical data or using a correlation coefficient. We can also use …